The second is easier to learn early because we wanted to make the first sentence, by learning English is definitely the easiest first.,.
1. Present Perfect Tense
Present perfect tense is used for describing a past action’s effect on the present.
Present Perfect Tense can be used in three situations :
1. To indicate something that has happened at an indefinite time in the past.
· I have seen that movie already.
· She has left for French.
· They have not eaten their dinner, yet.
2. To indicate something which started in the past and continues until now.
· I have lived in French for seven years.
· We have been here since Saturday.
· He has played football since he was a child.
3. To indicate something which occurred recently.
· I have been sick lately.
· She hasn’t slept much recently.
The Formula of Present Perfect Tense :
a. Without Verb:
(+) S + have/has + been + Compliment
(-) S + have/has + not + been + Compliment
(?) Have/has + S + been + Comp. + ?
Example : (+) She has been in French since 2002
(-) She has not been in French since 2002
(?) Has she been in French since 2002?
b. With Verb:
(+) S + have/has + V3 + Comp.
(-) S + have/has + not + V3 + Comp.
(?) Have/has + S + V3 + Comp. + ?
Example : (+) We have already seen that movie.
(-) We have not already seen that movie.
(?) Have we already seen that movie?
The most important thing to remember about the present perfect is that it can never be used with adverbs which describe finished time periods, such as yesterday, five minutes ago and at seven o’clock. If a time adverb is used with the present perfect, it should describe a time period which is unfinished. Example include today and this week :
I’ve been to the shops twice already today.
I went to the shops before toy arrived.
2. Past Perfect Tense
Past perfect tense is a kind of tense that is used to describe an action or an event that started in a certain time in the past and completed or finished ‘till certain time in the past too, or past perfect tense is used to express an action or an event that had happened before the other event or action happened.
The Formula of Past Perfect Tense :
a. Without Verb:
(+) S + had + been + Comp.
(-) S + had + not + been + Comp.
(?) Had + S + been + Comp. + ?
Example : (+) They had been at home when I came.
(-) They had not been at home when I came.
(?) Had they been at home when I came?
b. With Verb:
(+) S + had + V3 + Comp.
(-) S + had + not + V3 + Comp.
(?) Had + S + V3 + Comp. + ?
Example : (+) Shafa had arrived from French last week.
(-) Shafa had not arrived from French last week.
(?) Had Shafa arrived from French last week?
3. Present Future Perfect Tense
Present Future Perfect Tense is used to assert an action or an event that will happened or will finished at the definite time at the future.
The Formula of Present Perfect Tense :
a. Without Verb:
(+) S (except I) + will/shall + have + been + Comp.
(-) S (except I) + will/shall + not + have + been + Comp.
(?) Will/shall + S (except I) + have + been + Comp. + ?
Example : (+) We shall have been there at six o’clock tomorrow.
(-) We shall not have been there at six o’clock tomorrow.
(?) Shall we have been there at six o’clock tomorrow?
b. With Verb:
(+) S + will/shall + have + V3 + Comp.
(-) S + will/shall + not + have + V3 + Comp.
(?) Will/shall + S + have + V3 + Comp. + ?
Example : (+) They will have gone if you came late tomorrow.
(-) They will not have gone if you came late tomorrow.
(?) Will they have gone if you came late tomorrow?
4. Past Future Perfect Tense
Past Future Perfect Tense is used to assert an action or an event that will happened before or at the other event happened at the past future.
The Formula of Past Future Perfect Tense :
a. Without Verb:
(+) S + would/should + have + been + Comp.
(-) S + would/should + not + have + been + Comp.
(?) Would/should + S + have + been + Comp. + ?
Example : (+) I should have been here at 7 a.m.
(-) I should not have been here at 7 a.m.
(?) Should I have been here at 7 a.m.?
b. With Verb:
(+) S + would/should + have + V3 + Comp.
(-) S + would/should + not + have + V3 + Comp.
(?) Would/should + S + have + V3 + Comp. + ?
Example : (+) Shafa would have gone to French next Saturday.
(-) Shafa would not have gone to French next Saturday.
(?) Would Shafa have gone to French next Saturday?
